Constitutional culture of Russians at the stage of transition from liberalization of the constitutional and legal space to the protection of traditional values

The purpose of the study is to analyze the state of modern constitutional culture in the era of changing political and ideological guidelines, the transition from a liberal-universal model of constitutional development to a nationally oriented one.

The objectives of the study are the following: to determine the main characteristics of the state of constitutional culture in the era of excessive enthusiasm for universal liberal values at the end of the last century; analyze the main trends in the processes of constitutional and legal reform in the light of the ideas of protecting constitutional identity, ensuring constitutional sovereignty and protecting traditional values; consider the impact of the constitutional reform of 2020 on the qualitative change in the constitutional culture of Russians, its significance for determining the future paths of constitutional and legal development of Russia, and identify the positive and most controversial aspects of the reform. The work used general scientific, special scientific and special research methods. Based on the results of the study, the author concludes that today a steady trend has formed towards reforming the constitutional and legal space – the ideas of liberal universalization are opposed to the ideas of constitutional identity and the protection of traditional values. At one time, the new Russian Constitution was designed to take into account all the shortcomings of decades of socialist construction and act not as a document of a political-declaratory nature, but as a basis for the creation of a state and society of a fundamentally new type. According to the author, excessive passion for borrowed values of a universal nature has had the most negative impact on the state of the constitutional culture of Russians. However, even today it is obvious that a well-developed theoretical structure that would relatively accurately and legally definitely outline the main directions of further constitutional development, in line with the development of the idea of protecting traditional values, does not exist today, which is especially noticeable in the example of documents of a programmatic and political nature . The constitutional reform of 2020, according to the author, reflected new trends and approaches to the idea of ensuring constitutional identity and symbolized significant changes in constitutional culture, including at the level of ordinary consciousness of ordinary Russians who were directly involved in the process of constitutional reform. However, the author concludes that the constitutional reform is incomplete, which generally characterizes the state of domestic constitutional culture.

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