DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF INFORMED VOLUNTARY PATIENT CONSENT TO MEDICAL INTERVENTION IN RUSSIA AT THE PRESENT STAGE

At the present stage, the legislation that regulates the functioning of the Institute of informed voluntary consent has changed significantly in the Russian Federation. Article 20 of Federal law No. 323-FZ of November 21 establishes the right to informed voluntary consent (IDA) for medical intervention and to refuse it. By order of the Ministry of health of Russia of 20.12.2012 N 1177n approved: the procedure for granting and refusing medical intervention IDS for certain types of medical interventions, the form of medical intervention IDS, the form of refusal of medical intervention. Federal law of 25.11.2013 N 317-FZ expanded the powers of the court in terms of making a ruling on medical intervention without the consent of a citizen, one of the parents or other legal representative in cases where it is necessary for emergency reasons to eliminate a threat to human life and if his condition does not allow him to Express his will or there are no legal representatives. Federal law of 06.03.2019 N 18-FZ changed the procedure for making a decision on medical intervention without the consent of a citizen, one of the parents or other legal representative when providing palliative medical care, if the condition of the citizen does not allow him to Express his will. This research is aimed at studying the problems related to the implementation of the citizen's right to IDC, which hinder the development of this institution in Russia. In particular, we consider the consequences of the formal approach of doctors to the implementation of receiving and signing IDS. We consider the shortcomings of the procedure for explaining the circumstances specified in the IDC, which are not always correctly perceived by patients or their legal representatives. The emphasis is placed on the absence of certain deadlines for familiarizing the patient with the content of the IDC form and making a decision about medical intervention. At the present stage, the IDC can be compiled in the form of an electronic document. In this case, it is signed using a strong qualified electronic signature or a simple electronic signature using a unified identification and authentication system. However, there are obstacles to registration of IDS in an electronic format to the legal and organizational nature. The analysis of the relevant normative base, regulating the implementation of law on IDS at the present stage, the positive aspects in the realization of the right of citizens to IDS identified problems the right to use and summarized the measures to improve the functioning of the institution of IDS in Russia.

информированное добровольное согласие, формы ИДС, пациент, законный представитель, врачебная комиссия, консилиум врачей, лечащий (дежурный) врач, электронная форма ИДС, informed voluntary consent, IDC forms, patient, legal representative, medical Commission, doctors ' Council, attending (duty) doctor, electronic IDC form

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