The policy of saving people and its implementation in the police law of the Russian Empire

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine the political and legal ideology that developed in the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries in the field of people's preservation and its provision by means of police law. 

As a result of the study, it was revealed that in the process of evolution of the formation of police law in Russia and the transformation of this branch into the law of public administration, within the framework of the subject of legal regulation, the right of improvement was singled out, where an important place was occupied by the law of population and the right to preserve the population, which took its political and legal origin from the ideas of M.V. Lomonosov and was initially formed into the concept of demographic populationism, which was transformed by the end of the 19th century. at the beginning of the 20th century into the ideology of demographic mercantilism. 

Conclusion: as a result of the existing approaches to the construction of the system of the subject and the system of police law in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries, it is determined that within the framework of the police (dogmatic) doctrine of this branch, the problems of people's preservation lost their significance, while representatives of the liberal (political and economic) trend defended the approach to expanding the formation of the administrative and legal foundations of the people's preservation police.