CRIMINAL CODE OF THE TRANSNISTRIAN MOLDOVAN REPUBLIC OF 2002: FEATURES OF FORMATION, MODERN CONDITION AND PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVEMENT

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the formation of the criminal legislation of the Transnistrian Moldavian Republic (hereinafter - PMR). Its specificity is expressed in the fact that for more than 10 years since the declaration of independence of the republic, the Criminal Code of the MSSR of 1961 acted on its territory; the current Criminal Code of Transdniestria of 2002 was taken as the basis of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in 1996; At the present stage, the legislative description of individual institutions is regularly adjusted in accordance with the socio-economic conditions of the region and the needs of its law enforcement practice. At the same time, the conceptual foundations of the construction of the criminal legislation of the PMR were not an independent subject of monographic research. This article provides a comparative analysis of the main provisions of the General Parts of the Criminal Codes of the PMR and the Russian Federation. As a result, it was concluded that they are very similar, but not identical. When comparing the legislative description of the institution of punishment, it was established that the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation of 1996 has a more liberal character both in terms of the list of punishments not related to isolation from society and the terms (sizes) of punishments. At the same time, the conceptual foundations of building the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova are fundamentally different from the Criminal Code of the PMR. Emphasis is placed on the unique experience of Transdniestria regarding the interpretation of legislation enshrined at the constitutional level and actually implemented by the supreme legislative body - the Supreme Council of Transdniestria. In the context of the above, the primary direction of optimization of the Criminal Code of the PMR of 2002 is the improvement of legal technology and harmonization of systemic links between its various regulatory requirements, as well as the achievement of terminological accuracy in regulatory legal acts and other official materials of various legal force and nature.

Уголовный кодекс Приднестровской Молдавской Республики 2002 г, Уголовный кодекс Молдавской Советской Социалистической Республики 1961 г, Уголовный кодекс Российской Федерации 1996 г, Уголовный кодекс Республики Молдова 2002 г, сопоставительный анализ, динамика развития, Criminal Code of the Pridnestrovskaia Moldavskaia Respublika 2002, Criminal Code of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic 1961, development dynamics, comparative analysis, Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova 2002, Criminal Code of the Russian Federation 1996

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